Glottal consonant
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glottal_consonant
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Glottal consonants are consonants
articulated with the glottis.
Many phoneticians consider them, or at least the so-called
fricatives, to be transitional states of the glottis without
a point of articulation as other consonants have; in fact,
some do not consider them to be consonants at all. However,
the glottal stop at least behaves as a typical consonant
in languages such as Tsou.
Glottal consonants in the International
Phonetic Alphabet:
The "fricatives" are not true fricatives. This is a historical
usage of the word. They instead represent transitional states
of the glottis (phonation)
without a specific place of articulation. [h]
is a voiceless transition. [ɦ]
is a breathy-voiced
transition, and could be transcribed as [h̤].
The glottal
stop occurs in many languages. Often all vocalic onsets
are preceded by a glottal
stop, for example in German.
The Hawaiian
language writes the glottal
stop as an opening single quote ‘. Some
alphabets use diacritics
for the glottal
stop, such as hamza <ء> in the Arabic
alphabet; in many languages of Mesoamerica,
the Latin letter <h> is used for glottal
stop.
Because the glottis is necessarily closed for the glottal
stop, it cannot be voiced.
See also
References
Consonants
This table contains phonetic
information in IPA,
which may not display correctly in some browsers.
Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents
a voiced
consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations
judged to be impossible.
Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glottal_consonant
Published - November 2008
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