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9K Gold

Is 37.5% pure or hallmarked 375 Gold. It is quite commonly used in jewellery manufacturer and tends to have better wearing properties than finer or purer grades of this precious metal.

10K Gold

Is 41.7% pure or hallmarked 417 Gold. It can be a durable form perfect for making jewellery including heavier chain bracelets and longer necklaces and because it is only contains 42% purity it is significantly cheaper than purer grades.

14K Gold

Is 58.3% pure or hallmarked 583. This purity is quite common in the United States and as it is often mixed with copper or other metals it is more durable. It is usually 60% the cost of pure jewellery items so there is also a significant cost saving.

18K Gold

Is 75.0% pure or hallmarked 750. It is one of the more common grades for jewellery usage as it is close to pure but, as it has a significant amount of other metals in it much better wearing than the 24k metal.

24K Gold

Is 99.9% pure gold and is seldom used for jewellery as it is too soft and is most commonly found in Bullion Bars or Coins. It is hallmarked 999 signifying the purity out of a total 1000.

925 Sterling silver

This alloy contains 92.5% silver with the remaining 7.5% a mixture of another metal, usually copper but It can be other materials. It is better suited for making jewellery than pure silver as it is more durable while retaining the beauty of the original metal. Sterling silver jewellery is usually stamped 925.

A

Agate

Is a variety of quartz commonly associated with volcanic rocks. It presents itself as a hard stone and has a wide range of colors –from grey to blue, orange, red, black and banded. An exquisite material for craftsmen since the Bronze Age, agate has been used for creating various ornaments such as pins, marbles, paper knives and brooches.

Alloy

An alloy is a material obtained by combining two or more metals, or metal with other elements. The mixture has properties that are usually far enhanced than those of the individual raw materials that were originally used. For example steel is an alloy of iron and carbon and it is far stronger and more durable than iron.

Amber

Amber is a resin originally produced by trees in the Tertiary period and can be found today in a petrified translucent form that is classified as a gem. The typical color of amber is honey-yellow but it can also present itself in red and brown nuances or pale yellow. Some pieces of amber can also contain fossilised insects or small creatures. Amber has been polished and used in jewellery making for centuries, if not 1000's of years.

Amber bracelet

Is a beautiful accessory fit for elegant wardrobes and casual attires as well, it adorns the wrist and is manufactured using pieces of a this wonderful hardened resin of a brown-golden colouring.

Amber necklace

An amber necklace is a fashionable accessory designed to be worn around the neck and is popular with women, men or it is even for babies during teething. It is made up of either round amber beads of varying colour from light to dark brown or it can also be adorned with less regular shaped chips.

Amethyst

Amethyst is a semi precious variety of quartz that is often used in jewellery making and has a purple to violet colour. It was once classified as a gem equal to the big four (diamond, sapphire, ruby, and emerald) but with the recent discovery of large deposits in Brazil and other countries it has been downgraded to a semi precious gem.

Anklet or ankle bracelet

An ankle bracelet or chain, commonly referred by the name anklet is a piece of jewellery very similar to that of the classic wrist bracelet with the only exception that it is created to be worn around the ankle. It can be a plain link chain or with charms.

Anniversary band

An anniversary band is a special type of ring that is used as a traditional gift between couples for celebrating milestones in their matrimony or relationship. Constructed small stones fitted on a band made from a precious metal, the anniversary ring is usually worn along with the wedding ring.

Aquamarine

Is a blue-green semi transparent stone used for ornaments or jewellery. A relative to the famous emerald, the aquamarine stone is a variety of a mineral named beryl and is one of the official birthstones for those born in March.

Asscher cut diamond

The "Asscher cut diamond" was pioneered by Joseph Asscher in 1902, it is a layered square pyramid shape with its corners shaved off to complete an 8 sided pattern.

B

Baguette (Diamond Cut)

The baguette cut diamond has long rod like rectangular facets that are often stepped and was a very popular gem cut popular during the Art Deco period. With better technology allowing brilliant cuts the baguettes popularity has decreased but is still prevalent.

Ball Stud Earrings

Ball Stud Earrings, like the name suggests are orb like ornaments that appear to float on the lobe and can be worn by both men and women. The studs penetrate the ear and are held in place by a removable clutch that can often be tightened to secure the items.

Band (Ring)

A ring band is a type of adornment usually made from a precious metal designed in a circular form to be worn on ones finger. The band is often used in ceremonies, as a token of love and commitment or to establish the social status or rank of a certain person. They are often plain without stones or crystals.

Bangle

The bangle is an accessory that can be worn around the wrist and is usually constructed without a clasp or a fixed opening, although some items have hinges that allow for easy fitting. A bangle can be manufactured from all types of materials, from rare and expensive ones like gold, silver and ivory to common glass and plastic.

Bar and Ring Closure or Toggle Clasp

The bar and ring closure also known as the toggle clasp is a type of fixture used in securing bracelets, necklaces and other jewellery consisting of two pieces. One piece usually has a circular shape with an opening and the other is shaped like a “T” that is placed through the opening and turned to form the closure.

Baroque Pearls

Baroque Pearls have an irregular, non-spherical shape that is caused by Nacre layers growing around the tissue nuclear in what some could say in a failed way, while the object in most cultured operations is to achieve a perfect sphere there is still good demand for Baroques.

Barrel Clasp

The Barrel clasp is a very popular type of clutch used in jewellery for securing usually chains or chords. It usually consists of two metal ends that can be fastened together and it’s considered to be best suited for pieces of jewellery such as necklaces, bracelets or anklets.

Bead

A bead is a term used in jewellery to describe a small ornament that is usually spherical in shape but can take on any form. A bead can be made from various materials like glass, stone, plastic or wood and can be threaded with other beads to form a necklace, a bracelet ,a rosary or can be sewn on to a fabric for ornamental purposes.

Belcher Chain

Characterised by having a link, usually round or oval, which is wider than it is thick. Thought to be English heritage from the 18th century and popular for women's bracelets and necklaces

Beveled

A bevel setting is essentially a square with the sharp edge shaved off. It can be in any length and have multi bevels around an edge to form a distinctive shape.

Bezel Setting

A bezel involves a metal setting where a gem or other item can sit in it and the rim of that metal extends up, over and encircles it to hold the object in place.

Birthstones

A birthstone is a gem associated with a person’s month of birth. The first mention of a connection between a precious stone and a month can be found in the Bible, as historians believe there was a connection between Aaron’s breastplate containing twelve stones and the twelve months of the year. Gemstones associated with each month of the year are: January - Garnet, February - Amethyst, March - Aquamarine, April- Diamond, May - Emerald, June - Pearl or Alexandrite, July - Ruby, August - Peridot, September - Sapphire, October - Tourmaline or Opal, November - Topaz or Citrine, December - Tanzanite or Zircon or Turquoise.

Bling

Bling or “bling- bling” is the slang term for a very ostentatious type of ornament meant to express a luxurious style of life and a materialistic attitude.

Blister Pearls

Is a type of pearl formed by sitting directly on the shell of a mollusc and is therefore an irregularly disc shaped item that can make great earrings or a flat type necklace. The blister pearl's irregular round form has a very natural look and its iridescent colour gives off all spectrums of the rainbow.

Bolt Ring Fastening

The usual form of this fastener is a hollow ring that contains a spring loaded bolt, when both ends of a chain or perhaps a cord is connected the bolt closes inside the tube and stays shut securing the jewellery item.

Boulder Opal

A Boulder opal tends to have more browns in it than the common form and is often more valuable with tints of green, blue, orange and yellow colours also present. As the name suggests it tends to be found in smaller rounder deposits of rocks and the final gem often still represents this shape.

Box Chain

A box chain, which can also be known as a Venetian chain, is an item that is made up of distinctive square or rectangular interlocking links that are most commonly used as a necklace. It can be worn on its own or it can also be used to hold a pendant, it is a strong secure link chain

Bracelet

The bracelet is a classic type of jewellery used to decorate the wrist and hand. The bracelet can be fashioned from almost any type of material from precious metals like gold and silver to plastic, wood and leather and appears in many forms including a band, chain or hoop.

Brazilian Hoops Earrings

These tend to be large hoop earrings that are 70mm or larger and quite fine at only 2mm in width. Studio Jewellery is a frequent visitor to Brazil and always tend to bring back fashionable large earrings in varying sizes and styles.

Brilliant Cut

Is a cut of a gemstone designed to maximise light entering the setting them redirecting to exit through multi facets to give a brilliant sparkle that is the signature of many diamonds. The shape tends to be conical with a circular head that is bevelled usually once and the face has many cuts or facets to bounce light off in every direction.

Brooch or Pin

A brooch or a pin is a piece of jewellery that is designed to be worn attached to the front of a dress, a coat or suit. The earliest brooches were worn in the Bronze Age, usually to keep the clothes in place, but more recent pins have been used for decorative purposes and even to testify certain status or membership to a specific group.

Brushed Finish

The term brushed finish refers to a metallic surface that has been polished and softened to have a less reflective finish. The metal loses some of its lustre but gains a unique pattern that can be applied to various jewellery items that aim to be more understated.

Butterfly Clasp

A butterfly clasp is a type of closure commonly used in earring studs where the back is held in place by friction which is generated by the relatively large surface area of the shape that resembles the insects namesake. They are simple yet very effective ways to secure the post through the lobe and would probably be the most common clasp for this type of earring.

Button Earrings

Button earrings represent a playful and fun type of adornment designed to be worn on the ear lobe, they were originally made out of real buttons but now are mostly made from metal that resembles that shape.

C

Cabochon

The term cabochon refers to a gemstone that has been polished rather than cut or faceted and therefore has a rounded top which is often seen in rings or as pendants.

Carat

Carat is a unit of mass for precious stones like diamonds and pearls (1 carat = 200 milligrams). It is not the same as Karat which is a measure of purity for gold.

Carat versus Karat

Carat refers to the weight of gems, where 1 carat=200 milligrams. Karat refers to the purity of gold, where 24 karat gold is 100% pure, 18 K is 75% pure.

Carnelian

Carnelian or cornelian is an opaque mineral of a brownish-red color. As a semi-precious gemstone, the carnelian has been used to create beautiful decorative items since the Minoan Age. The relative softness of this material has allowed jewellers to engrave various designs on its surface and work with it in a more creative way, including by producing near round beads.

Chain Bracelet

Is a popular accessory for women and men that can be worn around the wrist or ankle. Unlike the one piece bangle it is semi flexible and can be made from several chain links tied together.

Chain Necklaces

Necklaces can be made from virtually any material but the majority are made from metal links joined together to form a chain.

Chandelier Earrings

Are a type of drop earring that is quite ornate and resembles the elaborate light of the same name, the primary part of the dangle sits below the ear lobe under the weight of gravity and hangs like fruit from a branch.

Channel Setting

The channel setting is a design embedded in rings that fits multiple precious stones of the same size and shape in a canal, without any spaces or metal separators in-between. Such a layout is usually found in wedding rings and anniversary bands.

Charm

Charms can be simple items that add to a jewellery piece or can be in the form of an amulet that has the alleged magical power of protecting its owner from danger or bad luck. They can be added to necklaces or even bracelets.

Charm Bracelet

A bracelet can be a simple chain or cord item or it may have pendant like objects that attach to it, these are charms have become very popular of late and can be purchased with the original item or seperately as add ons.

Choker Necklace

A choker necklace fits tightly around the neck thus its apt name, its length of course depends on the individual, but as a guide it should be around 2 cms or an inch wider than the neck. The most common lengths are 14 to 18 inches or 35 to 45cm.

Chunky Bracelet

A chunky bracelet is a thick bulky item of jewellery that adorns the wrist and is most commonly associated with men but not exclusively. It can is most usually a thick curb link chain but can be made of any item and shape.

Chunky Necklace

A chunky necklace is the name attributed to a type of neck adornment that distinguishes itself through size and shape. Unlike other types of the necklaces, the chunky design is bigger and thicker, whether we are talking about the pendants hanging on the chain, or the chain itself and it can be solid as favoured by men or hollow for less weight which is favoured more by women.

Citrine

The citrine is a variety of quartz crystal that earns its name by possessing a yellow-orange taint. Translucent and vividly coloured some darker citrine crystals can be easily mistaken with fine polished pieces of amber. Along with Topaz it is a birthstone for November.

Clarity

The clarity is an attribute of precious stones or a grading scale. Whether a gemstone has a higher or lower level of clarity can make a big difference in establishing the value of the said gemstone. Diamonds have a slightly different scale than other gems.

Claw Setting

The claw setting is a construction mechanism used in jewellery to set a stone in place via a series of metal “claws”. The claw setting is most popularly used in rings, earrings or to secure pendants on necklaces,

Clip on Earrings

Clip on earrings are pieces of jewellery that hang on the ear lobe as opposed to items that go through it, they are designed especially for people that do not have pierced lobes or may even be irritated by certain metals. The method of attachment for these earrings is a clip-on mechanism that makes putting them on and taking them off extremely simple.

Cluster Setting

The cluster setting is a model used in jewellery and decorative arts, where a large stone is surrounded by a multitude of other smaller stones to give an greater overall brilliance. It is seen on rings, bracelets and necklaces and the most common stone used is a diamond or simulant.

Clutch (Earrings)

The clutch is a mechanism or design that is made to hold an earring in place and prevent its loss. This mechanism accomplishes its purpose by using a post or notch to secure stability by friction.

Collar Necklace

The collar necklace is by definition a very tight fitting item, so tight that there is little or no room between the neck and the collar, hence the name. It is usually around 30cms depending upon the size of the wearer.

Continous Hoop (Earring Clasp)

The continuous hoop fastening is mostly used on the large circular items and the method of attachment is constructed with a metal tubing being pierced by a thin wire that penetrates through the lobe and into the casing.

Costume Jewellery

Are commonly inexpensive items that can look and feel just like the real item at a fraction of the cost. Studio Jewellery tends to deal in quality costume or fashion items that are virtually indistinguishable from items that can cost several thousand dollars.

Cross Pendant

A cross pendant is a piece of jewellery hanging on a necklace that symbolises Christ or that the wearer is a Christian and usually has a closer connection to the person than a simple fashion item. It can be just a simple solid silver item or possibly more decorative covered with gems.

Crown

The crown refers to the very top piece of a gem stone or ring, it is the part that is usually most visible or in some cases the only part visible.

Crystals

A crystal, as it pertains to gems, is a hard type of mineral that has the atoms arranged in a perfectly ordered pattern that can extend in any direction. Several crystals in a rock is known as crystalline.

Cuban Link Chain

A Cuban link chain is a relatively large type of necklace that has oval links tied closely together in an ordered interlinked rope like pattern.

Cubic Zirconia (CZ)

CZ is a synthesized material that is hard, flawless, can come in any colour and often simulates the look of diamonds in jewellery at a fraction of the cost of the real item. A cubic Zirconia is so flawless that under a microscope that is the telling difference between real diamonds that contain tiny flaws.

Cuff Bracelet

A cuff bracelet is a wrist adornment made from a single piece of rigid material. The shape is curved with a narrow opening that allows the wearer to put the item on or off as opposed to a bangle which would have no break.

Cultured Pearl

A cultured pearl is created under special controlled conditions by a pearl farmer, they are usually nucleated in that the centre is added to the mollusc which then forms the shell around it. This type of pearl usually has a spherical regulated form and is used in pearl necklaces, earrings, rings or bracelets.

Curb Chain

The curb chain is one where the links interlocks into themselves when laid completely flat and these make some of the most popular chains for all jewellery, particularly for items that have thicker widths. A figaro is a subset of a Curb.

Cushion Cut Diamond

A cushion cut diamond mainly features rounded corners and large multi-faceted cuts for the highest possible refraction, It can be square or rectangular in shape and resembles a pillow, therefore, it is sometimes referred to as pillow cut.

D

Dangle Earrings

Dangle or drop earrings hang below the earlobe and can be anything from simple solitaire items to elaborate long shimmering chandelier items. These type of earrings are usually worn more for special occasions or other events as opposed to studs which are worn for comfort.

Demi Hoop Earrings

These items are similar to standard hoops except the circle is not completely closed, in fact it is usually more or less half a circle and has a stud like fastening with a push on back butterfly closure which gives the illusion of wearing a full hoop.

Designer Jewellery

Is a term associated with non-standard, exquisite pieces of adornments. Apart from the cheaper day to day accessories, a piece of designer jewellery is a statement of fashion, taste and wealth, a social distinction worn by the connoisseurs.

Dew

Dew drop jewellery gets its name from the similarity with a droplet of water, these elements can be used in a bracelet or a necklace pendant but the most common use are in earrings.

Diamante

Despite its suggestive name, diamante jewellery is not made with real diamonds but with pieces of glass that are cut and polished to resemble a diamond. The diamante style offers an economic alternative to the luxurious and expensive pure sets while at the same time capturing some of its glamour.

Diamond

A diamond is a very rare and precious stone used for jewellery and industrial purposes. It is the purest form of carbon and also the hardest substance that can be found in nature. The majority of diamonds are transparent and colourless although there are some varieties of diamonds that have a slight hue.

Diamond Accent

Diamond accents are small stones applied on a piece of jewellery to create a sparkling effect. Even though the stones used are real diamonds, their combined weight measures less than one fourth of a carat and therefore provide an affordable way to create a lot of effect.

Diamond Bracelet

The diamond bracelet is a beautiful accessory created to adorn the wrist, it is normally a very expensive and luxurious item and is best worn out during the night on special occasions.

Diamond Cut

There are numerous diamond cuts which are designed to bring out the best possible item from the raw stone. The diamond can be shaped, faceted and polished in a wide range of ways that ultimately aim to improve its lustre, clarity and value.

Diamond Earrings

Diamond earrings are exquisite pieces of jewellery that can range from a diverse collection of shapes, sizes and models from simple studs to very expensive drop or dangles.

Diamond Necklace

A diamond necklace is an exquisite piece of adornment designed to be worn around the neck and fitted with a singular or multiple diamonds. Such an elegant and luxurious piece of jewellery is perfect for special nights and formal attires.

Diamond Ring

The diamond ring is probably one of the most popular types of jewellery to signify a relationship or marriage and is one of the most desired gifts by women all over the world.

Diamonte

Diamonte is a term used to describe a glass or rhinestone crystal that simulates the look and sparkle of diamonds. With the advance of technology some diamontes are so well made that without a magnifying glass it is virtually impossible to tell the difference between them and a real gemstone.

Dog Collar

The dog collar is an accessory dating from the Edwardian period and is designed to be worn tightly around the neck and can be made from fabric or a combination of jewels held by fabric.

Door Knocker Earrings

Door knocker earrings are defined by pieces where the heaviest part tends to hang below the lobe with a distinct shape that at least gives off the impression of being solid with the ability to swing, where in reality most are hollow and light for comfort.

Drop Earrings

Also known as dangle earrings these items tend to be more formal or dressed up pieces ideal for going out or attending special events. They are characterised by the clasp acting as supports for more intricate decorations dropping down under gravity.

E

Earring Clasps

Is a part of an earring that holds the jewel attached to the ear lobe. There are multiple types of clasps used in jewellery such as posts and findings, stabilizer guards, hooks and hinged earring clasps.

Earring Jacket

Is an accessory for a stud earring, it has a hole in it that is inserted through the post to give the item a whole new look. It can be decorated with precious stones such as diamonds and it can be worn with different post earrings.

Earring Post

Are metal pieces that fixate the stud earrings onto the lobe thus making them look like the front decorative piece is floating on the ear. The earring posts penetrate through the ear lobe and fixate themselves onto the earring jacket.

Earrings

An earring is an ornament designed for the ear that is usually attached to the lobe but can also sit higher up. They can be made from virtually any material but the most common are made from precious metals.

Electroplating

Electroplating is a process in which a metal object is dissolved onto the surface of another metal, using electrical energy. The purpose of this process is to change the properties of an item’s surface and in the case of jewellery this is usually for aesthetics but can also be to resist tarnishing.

Emerald

An emerald is a rare and precious gemstone that is semi transparent and has a bright green colour. They have been mined for over 3000 years and are one of the classic big 4 gem stones of the world.

Emerald Cut Diamond

An emerald cut diamond has a rectangular shape with each corner cut off, the layers step up much like a raw pyramid . This rectangular faceted design is usually chosen for cutting or representing an emerald.

Enamel

Enamel is a glass-like substance transparent and glossy often applied to the surface of ornaments as a protective and enhancing element. Enamel is obtained by fusing powdered glass at very high temperatures and it has been used in the decorative arts since ancient times.

Engagement Ring

An engagement ring is the ultimate symbol of never-ending love, fidelity and devotion. It is a symbol of betrothal, indicating that a woman is bound to be married and is traditionally worn on the left hand on the third finger because of the vein that runs directly to the heart. After marriage, the engagement ring is worn in front of the wedding finger.

Engrave

Engraving is a process in which a shape, a text or a design is cut or carved into a hard surface. This is very common in personalised jewellery where a name or initial is written onto a tag, bracelet or even a ring face,

Eternity Ring

An eternity ring is a very special accessory that is usually offered as a gift on an anniversary to declare ones true and eternal love. The design consists of a band decorated with small gemstones of the same shape and size set in a continuous line all the way around. For comfort some ladies prefer the row of stones to just cover the top half of the band, this is known as a "half eternity".

European Cut

The European cut is a classic design employed for shaping a diamond with large multiple facets, it became less popular when technology allowed for better designs that had more facets and gave much better brilliance.

F

Face

Refers to a flat polished surface on an ornament or a piece of stone. Hard stones and gems like diamonds and rubies are cut and polished in order to have multiple facets ( or faces) thus increasing their beauty, sparkle and value.

Faceted

Is an attribute of a processed gemstone that has been cut and polished in order to have multiple flat surfaces. This is a process usually reserved for hard stones like diamonds, sapphires, rubies, emeralds, materials that are unlikely to be scratched.

Facets

A facet is a flat small surface found on a cut gemstone. Faceting a stone can raise its value considerably as this process enhances some of the most appreciated attributes, such as transparency and clarity, allowing light to refract in the most appealing way possible.

Fancy Cut Diamonds

There are several famous or fancy cuts that can be applied to Diamonds, including: - Round, Princess, Emerald, Asscher, Marquise, Oval, Radiant, Pear, Heart and the Cushion. They have been designed to use the cut surfaces or facets to reflect light in such a way as to maximise the beauty and the value of the stone.

Fashion Jewellery

Also known as costume, fashion jewellery represents items that can appear quite real at a fraction of the cost of the pure item. With today's technology high quality fashion items are virtually indistinguishable from the very expensive items that they imitate.

Faux

Faux is a term originating in France and it’s used to describe an artificial replica of an object or an imitation. Faux jewellery resembles the beauty of genuine jewellery and such ornaments can be acquired for only a fraction of the price although the lower quality of the materials used makes them wear out often within a year or two.

Figaro Chain

This chain is characterised by having short standard links, usually 3 but can be more or less, then followed by one elongated link of the same style. They are very popular as bracelets and necklaces of either sex, with the bigger items in favour with men.

Filligree

Filigree is an ornamental decorative jewellery pattern made from wire or beads they imitates lacework. It can be made from any metal and is often seen in gold or silver.

Fine Jewellery

Fine Jewellery is a term applied to pieces of adornment that have high quality and beauty, they are usually made from precious materials like silver, gold, gemstones or pearls.

Fish Hook Earring Clasp

The fish hook earring clasp is a method of attaching an earring by using a shaped wire that penetrates the lobe and returns through the back far enough so that the total weight is balanced and the item is therefore well secured.

Flaw

Flaw is a term used in jewellery to describe an imperfection in a precious or semiprecious stone. An example of a common flaw can be an inclusion that affects the stone clarity or resistance. Imperfections make precious stones unique, but they also decrease their value.

FOB

The fob is a small decorative or even practical item that is suspended from a chain. Examples of fobs can be: a keychain, a seal, dog tags or personalised names which have become very popular over recent times.

French Wire Hook Earring clasp

The French wire hook is an open ended earring clasp that relies on friction from the earring hole and gravity from the counter weight of the earring body to secure the piece of jewellery in place.

Fresh Water Pearl

Fresh water pearls are cultivated by placing a nucleus inside a molusc and then harvesting it 6 to 12 months later, as they are easier to manage and can grow up to 50 per oyster they are a fraction of the price of their sea water equivalents.

Friction Back Earring Clasp

This type of clasp is so named because when the post is inserted in a backing, the close fit which is usually associated with a ridge, will provide enough resistance when moved to stay in place. A variety of this is the butterfly clasp, a very common closure for stud type earrings.

Friendship Bracelets

This is a very popular bracelet among younger people to signify an event or perhaps a trip and is usually brightly coloured or otherwise a little different. They can be made from woven cotton, leather or beads and are quite inexpensive.

Full Cut Diamond

A full cut diamond has a standard of 57 to 58 facets when in its round form, which enhances its beauty by giving it multiple angles from which to reflect light out, because of the large number of faces it is generally only reserved for larger stones.

G

Garnet

Is a hard red transparent gemstone and because of its properties is not only used for creating beautiful ornaments but also as an abrasive material. Although red or brown is the most common color, this gemstone can also be found in tones of yellow, pink, orange, purple or black. The blue garnet is the most rare and precious.

Gem

The gem or gemstone describes a rare mineral used primarily in jewellery for its fine aesthetic properties. The distinction between precious and semi-precious is given by their rarity and although gems often look plain in their raw form, polishing and faceting enhances their allure and value.

Gemstone

A gemstone is a mineral with distinct qualities of durability, rarity and beauty that make it desirable for the purpose of making jewellery. Although some materials like pearl and amber are not minerals they are still regarded as gemstones because they carry similar attributes.

Gilding

Gilding is a process where the surface of an object is covered in fine gold leaf or a fine gold powder on a metal, wood or stone surface. The result is a “gilded” object that looks like it’s made of solid gold, while at the same time retaining the attributes of the original material.

Gilt

A “gilt” is used to describe something that is covered in gold or has a golden aspect. Examples include adornments on frames of classic paintings or for aesthetic beauty as plating on jewellery.

Gold

Gold is highly precious and rare metal having a rich, lustrous yellow-brown color and can have industrial or aesthetic applications like that found in jewellery. It is measured in karats for purity, 24 karats being 100% gold, while 18 karats is 75% pure. Since the beginning of human history it has been looked upon as a symbol of wealth and opulence.

Gold Bracelet

A gold bracelet is a wrist accessory made from gold a very precious metal. This type of adornment can appear in a multitude of models, from intricate, complex designs to simple links joined together and it can be worn by both males and females.

Gold Earrings

Are ear ornaments made from gold that represent a fashionable accessory as well as valuable pieces of jewellery. Due to the high density and cost of this material many are made very fine or even hollow to keep the weight down for comfort and to make them more affordable.

Gold Fill

Gold filled jewellery is also known as rolled gold due to the mechanical application of the precious metal using a procedure that involves heat and pressure. In the USA there are strict definition for what can be called Gold Fill, however of late the term has been widely abused and simple gold plate is often called the much more valuable "Gold Fill".

Gold Jewellery

For 1000's of years Gold has been used for creating jewellery due to its rarity, beauty and as a store of value. In its purest form it is an inert material that won't irritate making it ideal for objects that are worn close to the skin.

Gold Necklace

A gold necklace is an accessory designed to be worn around the neck with the specification that its primary material is gold. It can appear in various shapes and sizes, fitted for casual outfits or elegant gowns and can be worn by both men and women.

Gold Pendant

A gold pendant is an adornment fabricated from the valuable metal as the name implies. It is usually the Pièce de résistance for a gold necklace and may incase gemstones.

Gold Plate

Plated items involves a fine coating of the precious metal to give the look, feel and general appearance of a pure gold item. Depending on the quality of the layer deposited onto a piece of jewellery the item may last months, years or even a lifetime.

Gold Ring

Gold rings have come to symbolise the bond of a relationship and are worn for engagements, marriage and of course just for pure aesthetics. They range from simple bands to decorative items with large and expensive gem stones including diamonds.

Gold Tone

Gold tone can refer to any object that has the appearance of the pure metal even if there is zero gold material present although usually there is at least a fine coating or plating.

Gold Washed

Are objects dipped or brushed with a very fine layer of the pure metal to obtain a look like gold, as it is less than .175 microns thick it is not a durable application and will usually wear off rather quickly.

Gram

The gram is a metric unit of measure where there is approximately 28 grams to an ounce the standard unit for gold and silver.

Green Gold

Green gold is the result of combining naturally occurring yellow gold with silver and cadmium to give a very subtle greenish tint to this precious metal. It is definitely not brightly green as the name would suggest and is in fact so subtle that it is really only noticeable when put next to vivid white or yellow.

Guard Chain

A guard chain is a small link chain or band that can be found in accessories such as bracelets and wrist watches to secure the item in the event that the main clasp fails, it was very popular in past decades but with the advent of more reliable fixtures now it is less prevalent.

H

Half Hoop Earrings

Or Demi Hoops are a variety of ear ornaments that give the appearance of having full circles but are usually only half closed in. They are usually fixed to the lobe by stud like butterfly clasps or some times hinged closures.

Hallmark

Is an official stamp or signature on gold, silver or platinum that certifies, from an independent body or representatives there of, the degree of purity. It has certainly been used since the middle ages (1200+) as a guarantee of purity and probably as far back as late Roman times (400AD). Most Western Government governments have strict laws on what and how an object can be marked or stamped to protect local consumers.

Heart Cut Diamond

This is the never ending symbol of love which is cut from a pear shaped diamond with a further piece at the top removed to form the heart. The top is usually relatively flat with the facets to the side and underneath providing the light reflection to give off its brilliance.

Hinged Snap Lock Earring Clasp

This closure mechanism involves 2 halves of either the clasp or the whole earring moving towards each other to finish off the design where the male end moves into the female with a node that passes over a ridge and snaps into place and prevents it from coming out easily.

Hoop Earrings

Hoop earrings are virtually any items with a round circular shape and can be quite small at say 10mm to large hoops at over 100mm. They are very popular having been around for centuries and will suit any purpose although the larger items tend to be less comfortable to wear than the smaller items.

Huggie Earring

These are named because the design "hugs" the ear lobe, they are often small hoops but can be irregular and are used for occasions where comfort is perhaps preferred over attention grabbing items. They can be plain metal or set with stones and the smaller thinner items are great for sleepers.

Hypoallergenic

Refers to items that are less likely to irritate the skin or body, although there is no official definition or specification, most hypoallergenic items contain no nickel or lead or artificial coatings that are known irritants.

I

ID Bracelet

An identification bracelet can be used as a means of identification in the more mundane parts of ones life or can be a great piece of personalised jewellery which is ever so popular. Many of these have either full names or can just have initials.

Inclusion or Feather

An Inclusion or feather is a term denoting a flaw in a precious stone such as a diamond or an emerald. This flaw under a microscope resembles a bird feather since there are small crack like fissures that appear in the stone. The more inclusions a gem posses the less strength and value it has.

Ingot

An ingot is a shape that is given to a certain measure of metal in order to facilitate its storage and simplify its assessment. Unlike the complex shape and design that a fine jewellery item can have, the ingot is a simple block.

Initial Rings

Are very popular in recent times and can have either a lower or upper case letter to signify some ones name, they can also be worn as stackable rings to show 2 initials or more.

Inlaid or Inlay

Inlaid or Inlay refers to an ornament that is constructed by embedding pieces of a material into another. For example a wooden surface can be inlaid with another type of wood or even pieces of metal. It looks like the object has been painted, but the result is a lot more durable and eye catching.

Invisible Setting

An invisible setting is a technique to fixate stones in a way that the setting itself is concealed, this creates the effect of a surface that’s made up entirely from precious stones.

Iolite

Iolite in gem form or Cordierite in a mineral form has a subtle blue-violet smoky appearance that makes very beautiful but affordable natural stone jewellery.

J

J Hoop Earrings

J Hoop earrings are accessories designed to be worn on the ear lobes that have a semi-circular shape, similar to that of the letter “J”. These types of earrings can be made from various materials, although the most popular are those made from gold or silver.

Jade

Jade is an ornamental rock very popular in Asian jewellery made from different silicate materials, and although jade is renowned for its rich green color, multiple varieties can be found in nature, having pink, orange and brown hues.

Jewellers Grain

The grain is a unit of measure that is commonly used in jewellery making to denominate 50 mg. Diamonds and pearls were often measured using this ancient system, where 1?4 of a carat = 1 grain, 1 carat=200mg

Jewellery

Jewellery, including rings, earrings, necklaces, bracelets and brooches have been around for 1000's of years and can be considered any adornment for the body which can be made from virtually any material however gemstones or precious metals like gold or silver are probably the most common.

Jewellery Australia

Australia has many native jewellery types from Aboriginal art to a large Opal industry and is one of the largest diamond and gold producers in the world. Adding in a multicultural mix and the result is many unique and varied designs that come from Australia.

Jewellery Store

A jewellery store or jeweller has been a traditional place where customers have gone for rings, earrings, necklaces and bracelets, but now increasingly more shopping is being done online so the traditional bricks and mortar store is playing less of a role.

Jewellery versus Jewelry

Jewellery is the British way of spelling which is used in most commonwealth countries while Jewelry is the US form of the word. Both have the exact same meaning which is an all encompassing term for body adornments including earrings, bracelets, necklaces and rings.

Jump Rings

A jump ring is constructed by bringing together a piece of wire to form a circle, the rigidity of the material is often enough to form a secure closure.

K

Karat

A karat is a measure of fineness or purity, for example pure gold equals 24 karats, where as 12 karat gold only contains 50% of the fine metal. It is often confused with carat, which is a unit of weight equal to 200 milligrams not a measure of purity.

L

Lab Created or Synthetic Grown

Refers to the process of creating gems in a factory or laboratory by using intense heat and pressure or crystal growing methods. These gems are for all intent and purpose real although they are valued less because supply is not limited.

Lapis

Lapis is a vivid blue coloured opaque stone used for decorative purposes, it can be polished and fitted into jewellery settings or turned into beautiful figurines. By crushing this semi-precious rock, a fine blue pigment can be obtained.

Latch Back Earring Clasp

The latch back earring clasp offers a secure and simple way of attaching an earring to the lobe. It is shaped like a hook and has a latch that can be pulled back to allow the wearer to open the enclosure and fixate the ornament on the ear.

Lead Free

Lead poisoning is a very serious medical condition that can cause grave symptoms even when in minute quantities like that have been used in jewellery in the past, most modern jewellery items are lead free and all items at Studio Jewellery are certified to be free of this metal.

Lever Back Earrings

Lever back earrings have a closing mechanism comprised of a curved wire that clicks into place securing the item. They are easy to attach, have a sturdy construction and are very common in drop or dangle earrings.

Links

A link is essential any connecting mechanism, in jewellery chains there are various types of shapes and sizes of links to form bracelets, necklaces or even decorative items that hang off earrings.

Lobster Clasp

This is a popular clasp used in necklaces and bracelets and is so called because it looks like the pincer from a lobster. The item is usually spring loaded so when it is snapped into place it stays shuts, it is a very secure reliable item.

Locket

A locket is a small ornamental pendant or charm like piece that is usually worn on a chain or necklace that opens to reveal a picture or a memento. A locket can be a very personal and sentimental accessory that can be passed down through the generations.

Loupe

A loupe is a magnifying glass of relatively small dimensions. It gained its popularity in the 19th century when watchmakers and jewellers would assess items and it is still used today.

Luster or Lustre

Lustre is a term used to denote the way light interacts with a gem, metal or mineral. There are various technical ways to describe lustre including Dull, Greasy, Metallic, Pearly, Resinous or Silky to name just a few.

M

Magnetic Fastener

A magnetic fastener can usually be found in pieces of jewellery such as earrings, bracelets or necklaces. It works by joining two magnetic ends together in a secured clasp. Earrings that have a magnetic fastener don’t require the penetration of the lobe.

Malachite

Malachite is an opaque green sometimes banded mineral that is used in jewellery as well as for other purposes. As a copper carbonate, it can usually be found throughout copper deposits and limestone's.

Marcasite

Marcasite in jewellery making is actually made from pyrite as pure Marcasite tends to be too brittle and discolours easy. In jewellery the colour tends to be a dark silver metallic like gem usually used as many small stones joined together to form an overall pattern.

Marquise Cut Diamond

A marquise cut diamond is a modified brilliant cut that is shaped like an oval or more precisely a rugby shaped football where, due to its shape it posses quite a large flat top surface. It was named after King Louis XIV of France had a stone cut to resemble the perfectly shaped mouth of the Marquise of Pompadour.

Matinee Length Necklace

Is usually 56 to 58 cms long or 22 to 23 inches in the old scale and will sit just at the start of the cleavage on most ladies. It is a typical full length size of today's modern necklace without a pendant.

Melee Diamond

Is a term used to classify small diamonds that weigh individually 0.18 carats or less and they are often used as accents or secondary accents. They form the largest amount of diamonds used and are traded in parcels of 1 carat and up in the wholesale trade with the final value depending on their grade.

Mens Bracelets

Men can have any bracelets that they chose but the most popular tends to be the link chain in the form of a curb or figaro pattern. Due to being chunkier in style they usually require a reinforced clasp with the Lobster being the most favoured.

Mens Jewellery

Men tend to wear jewellery which is subtly different than women, the chains they like tend to be thicker and use of stainless and leather is more prevalent.

Mens Necklaces

Men's chains tend to be simple with a curb design that usually has a lobster closing mechanism. They can be in any form but gold or silver either solid or plated are the true classics.

Mens Rings

Men tend to like simpler band like rings that denotes marital status while for fashion items they tend to be chunkier and even made from 318 stainless. The size is also significantly larger starting at a US 9 which would be a very large ring for a lady.

Moh's Hardness Scale

The Moh's hardness scale measures the ability of 1 gem to visibly scratch another, where Talc, a very soft material comes in at number 1 on the scale, while a Diamond comes in at number 10 being the hardest.

Moonstone

A moonstone is a semi precious gem from the feldspar mineral group that can have a silvery blue iridescences or pearly white lustre. It is commonly used in rings and has been used as jewellery for at least 3000 years with examples being found in ancient Egypt and Asia.

Mosaic

A Mosaic is a pattern created by assembling a number of smaller objects, these can quite commonly be glass, metal, gem stones or in fact any material that is relatively durable. Some mosaics can be as large as a wall while others can fit on a ring.

Mother of Pearl

Mother of pearl is a smooth hard milky white iridescent substance that can be found inside a shell or what makes up the outer layers of a Pearl. It is more technically known as Nacre and is an organic compound formed by molluscs.

N

Natural Pearl

A natural pearl is formed when a mollusc secretes Nacre to cover an irritant present inside the shell. The overwhelming number of pearls sold today are cultivated and not natural, that is a small nuclear or tissue is placed in the shell and then it is dropped into a sea bed or river and farmed usually up to 1 year later for freshwater varieties and up to 3 years for sea pearls.

Necklace Lengths

The preference of the wearer means that Necklace lengths will vary greatly from a 30 to 35 cm choker that will sit tight around the throat to a long rope necklace which will exceed 90cm and sit as low as the belly button.

Necklaces

The necklace is an age old jewellery item that has been worn to symbolise power, position or wealth for 1000's of years but today is more commonly used a fashion item. Necklaces can be fashioned in different shapes and sizes and with different materials ranging from gold, silver, platinum to more common wood and plastic.

Nickel

Nickel is a metal that has a silvery-white lustrous appearance and as it is very similar to silver in looks. It has been used in jewellery making for centuries however as it can be an irritant to the skin it is used much less now particularly in earrings.

Nickel Free

This silver like material was once very popular in jewellery making however as it has been identified as a potential skin irritant most earrings are now certified nickel free.

Nickel Silver or German Silver

Nickel silver, also known as German silver is an alloy of nickel, copper and zinc, used primarily in manufacturing of coins and cutlery. Despite its name, it does not contain any silver although it does look very similar.

Nucleated Pearls

Nucleated pearls are formed by placing a small nucleus within a mollusc and then providing the conditions where Nacre layers can form and build up over time. Virtually all pearls today are nucleated in some way as natural pearls are very rare.

O

Onyx

Onyx is a well-known variety of chalcedony which can have a variety of colours from white up to the most valuable pure black which is also the most valuable.

Opal

An opal is a gemstone that has a mesmerizing spectrum of colors from nearly opaque white to even dark browns or blacks. It is the official gemstone of Australia which produces over 95% of the worlds supply.

Opera Length Necklace

Is typically 75 to 90 cms in length or 30 to 35 inches and will sit just at the breast plate on most ladies. It was very popular to wear this length in pearls going back a few decades.

Oval Cut Diamond

An oval cut diamond is a new brilliant from just the 1950's and as its name suggest is a perfect oval with multiple facets that aims to accentuate its clarity and enhances its value. This diamond can be fitted into various accessories like rings, bracelets and necklaces.

P

Padlock Fastening

The Padlock fastening is very common in vintage pieces and is still used today with many belcher chain bracelet and necklace sets. The shackle usually connects the ends of a chain and when locked forms a closure, many are shaped as hearts with the love theme prevalent.

Parrot clasp

A parrot clasp is a mechanism used for securing chains and is usually spring loaded so when the item is put through a jump ring the parrots beak closes hard against the head forming a very steadfast closure. It is most commonly used with bracelets and necklaces.

Patina

Patina is a thin green layer that forms by oxidation on some surfaces made from bronze, copper, metals and even wood. Due to its jade green color, patina is sometimes regarded as adding to the aesthetic value of ornamental objects.

Pavé

A pave setting involves numerous gems of similar size laid onto a surface and held in place by what is or appears to be tiny setting stones again of similar size, the result is a "pavement" of jewels that cover the surface,

Pear Cut Diamond

Pear cut diamonds which are sometimes referred to as teardrops are cut in such a away as to give them the appearance of a round elongated pear shape. This cut tends to be reserved for large size stones and can also be the base of a heart shape by cutting out a cleft from the bottom.

Pearl

A pearl is a hard spherical entity usually a silvery white colour that forms inside the shell of a mollusc. Although it’s regarded as being one of the most beautiful gemstones it is not actually a mineral as it is made by layers of Nacre that is secreted then hardened by the host.

Pendant Necklaces

A necklace can be made out of anything but the most common in classic jewellery is the chain and these can be stand alone or adorned with a Pendant. The pendant again can be anything but it is usually a focal piece that hangs down from the links under its own weight.

Pendants

Pendants receive their name from the Latin verb "pendere” that literally means to hang down. They are normally associated with necklaces but are also used to described some long "pendant" like earrings. The most common necklace size for pendants tends to be around 45cm in length that sits close to the neck but no on it like a choker.

Peridot

Peridot is a semi-precious gemstone that has a bright olive green color and although similar in appearance to an emerald it is much more common and therefore has less value.

Personalised Jewellery or Name Jewellery

Personalised Jewellery or name jewellery represents a distinct type of ornaments that have a personal connection with the wearer. They can be made from various materials and they usually contain the name or the initials of the wearer.

Plating

Plating is a process in which a conductive surface is covered with a metal in order to improve certain attributes of the involved items. Industrially, coating is used to alter the conductivity, friction and durability of a surface. Jewellers often plate accessories in gold or silver to improve their appeal.

Platinum

Platinum is a precious and very expensive metal that has a most remarkable resistance to corrosion even in extreme conditions and is therefore sometimes used to plate silver items so they won't tarnish.

Precious Four Gems

The precious four gems also named the “Big four” in jewellery are diamonds, emeralds, rubies and sapphires. Amethyst once made up the big 5, but now that larger deposits have been found it is no longer nearly as valuable.

Precious Metal

A precious metal is the common term given to a metallic chemical element that is very rare and hard to find in nature. It is not only the scarcity of the metal that gives its value but also its beauty, resistance to corrosion and other unique properties.

Princess Cut Diamond

One of the more popular cuts of today the princess cut diamond has a square shape with multi facets and will resemble a pyramid when seen from below. Due to its angled corners it does tend to pick up dirt a little quicker than most however it can be cleaned easily.

Princess Length Necklace

This tends to be 45 to 50 cm in length or 18 to 20 inches in the old scale. It is so named because it is very popular with young ladies although now this length tends to be the most common for wearing with pendants on all ages. It will sit longer than a choker, about a hands width down from the throat.

Promise Ring

A promise ring marks a commitment to another person or a relationship, the most popular are pre-engagement rings that are offered as a gift between couples pending a marriage proposal.

Prong

Prongs are can be best described as small metal claw arms that are constructed in such a way to secure gemstones or other simulants. They are the most popular way to secure gems onto rings, earring or pendants as they can be constructed in such a way as to let in maximum light which can in turn be reflected out of the gem for that special sparkle.

R

Radiant Cut Diamond

A radiant cut diamond is best described as a square or rectangular brilliant cut with each corner shaved off, it is relatively new designed and a cross between a princess and cushion brilliant.

Regard Ring

A regard ring is a band that has been fitted with the following gems in order, Ruby, Emerald, Garnet, Amethyst, Ruby, Diamond and a Sapphire. When taking the first letter of each gem the word "Regard" is spelt out, this item was very popular in the Victorian era and was often used as an engagement ring by the more affluent.

Rhinestone

An English translation of the French word “Caillou du Rhin”, rhinestones were commonly found in the Rhine River and later the Alps. This artificial gemstone made of quartz crystal, glass or acrylic is colourless and made to resemble a diamond for the use in costume jewellery and sometimes clothing. Recently they have been coated with fine films to add even more sparkle and have arrived at the point where it is very difficult to distinguish between the real gems.

Rhodium

Is a silver like material that is usually more expensive than gold and is commonly used in plating of jewellery because of its tarnish resistant properties. In fact many fine silver pieces are finished with a fine coast of Rhodium to make it much more tarnish resistant.

Rhodium Plate

Rhodium is a metal in the same family as the platinum group and shares similar characteristics including a silvery white look. It is often used to plate silver rings as being chemically inert it does not tarnish easily and will also not cause irritation to the skin, thus protecting the silvers appearance for much longer periods.

Ring

The ring is one of the most common pieces of jewellery designed to be worn on the finger. A ring can be made from a precious material like gold, silver or platinum or from a common metal, plastic and even wood.

Ring Size

A ring size is given by the measurement of its circumference. There are several standards for ring sizes such as the ISO, defining the circumference in millimetres, the American and Canadian standard, the Ireland - United Kingdom and Australia standard that uses the alphabetical scale and various European standards.

Rolled Gold

Rolled gold or gold fill is formed by having a layer of solid gold fitted onto a base metal using a procedure that involves heat and pressure. It is a thicker application than simple gold plate and therefore more valuable and will last a lot longer.

Rope Length Necklace

Tends to have a length exceeding that of 90cm or 35 inches and can be so long that ladies can double it around their neck. Very long pearl necklaces that wrap around the neck 2 or more times are good examples of this length.

Rope Necklace

A rope necklace is a chain item that has a very similar appearance to a rope thus the name, it can be fine to quite thick and is common in silver or gold, it is not to be confused with a rope length necklace which signifies an item with a length of at least 90 cms.

Rose Gold

24k gold which is virtually 99.9% pure is yellow in colour, however it is often mixed with other materials to reduce the cost and give it other properties and in fact it can take on virtually any colour. Rose gold tends to be mixed to obtain a pinkish hue and is very popular as a classic colour in fine jewellery.

Round Cut Diamond

The round brilliant cut diamond is by far the most popular design of today due to its multi faceted aspect which reflects light in every direction giving that characteristic deep sparkle. It can be seen on rings, earrings, pendants and bracelets.

Ruby

The ruby is a vivid red coloured transparent gemstone which gets its blood red color from the chromium element and it is one of the four precious stones along with the diamond, sapphire and emerald.

Russian Style Gold

Russian Style Gold pattern has had many meanings over the years but the most well known is the use of the 3 gold colours Rose, White and Yellow to form beautiful tri colour rings, earrings or necklace pendants.

S

Sapphire

A sapphire is a variety of the corundum mineral. It is considered one of the most beautiful and precious gemstones because of its splendid deep blue color. Sapphires can be found naturally in sediments and rock formations or they can be produced by industrial means

Shank

The shank of a ring is the body or band which does not include the head, it is often the part that wears over years due to rubbing on surfaces and can be replaced by cutting away the very bottom of the shank and adding another piece of the same metal.

Signet Ring

A signet ring is defined by a pattern or inscribing on the top or head of the item. It can be just a decorative piece or have a deeper meaning like signifying that one belongs to a club or is a person of standing in ancient society.

Silver

Silver is a precious metal of a grey-white color that is widely used in decorative art and jewellery making. It presents many unique attributes having the highest electrical conductivity, being the most reflective of all metals and has the highest thermal conductivity. Pure silver tends to be too soft for jewellery making so often 7.5% of copper and other materials are added to form sterling silver.

Simulant or Simulated

Whenever the term simulated is used in jewellery it refers to less expensive items that aim to look like much more expensive and exclusive items. High quality cubic zirconia's are often described as simulated diamonds or other precious gems.

Single Cut Diamond

A single cut is an old type of diamond faceting used primarily in the middle ages when technology did not allow for more intricate brilliants that we see today. It is also known as an eight cut and it involves giving the precious stone a relatively simple round form with 16-17 facets.

Sleeper Earrings

Virtually any earring style can be sleepers as long as they are thin and relatively small so as not to cause discomfort while the head is asleep on a pillow or bed. The most common tend to be small hoops that are thin and free of anything that may stick the skin or small studs.

Snake Chain

The snake chain is characterised by having a link design that imitates the skin of a serpent. The links have a curved round flat form that are tightly combined to give a sleek slithering appearance which can be used to make bracelets or necklaces.

Snap Bar Closure

The snap bar closure is a mechanism that consists of a hinged bar that can be lifted up and down and then inserted into a small u shaped enclosure in order to safely attach the item to the body.

Solitaire

Solitaire is a term used when a single gemstone is fitted on a piece of jewellery without any other add-ons. This setting allows a feature piece to shine with the maximum amount of light let in and then in turn reflected out.

South Sea Pearl

The south sea pearl is a variety of the baroque pearl, the irregular non-spherical pearl. It can be found in the shells of an oyster called Pinctada Maxima and it’s currently the most cultivated sea pearl in the world. The south sea pearl can have a silver or golden hue.

Spectrolite

The spectrolite is a variety feldspar, a mineral used in creating decorative art and is similar in look to opals in the way the colours shimmer. The spectrolite has a rich and beautiful play of colours ranging from blue to red and yellow.

Spring Ring Clasp

The spring ring clasp is a mechanism used for securing pieces of jewellery, usually 2 ends of a chain to form a fine necklace. It consists of a hollowed circular tube equipped with a spring loaded latch inside that can be pulled back to open then let go to close and secure the item.

Stack Ring

A stack ring or stackable are slim rings that can be worn alone or together to either form the appearance of one large decorative item or to hold another larger item in place. They can be ideal to hold an item that maybe just a tad too big to stay on by itself or of late they have become fashion items in their own right.

Stamping

Stamping is a term used in jewellery making to describe the process of striking shapes, designs or messages into a metal piece. It is the process where personalised names or initials can be hammered into an object, this type of jewellery is very popular right now.

Step Cut

As the name suggest the step cut involves a gem being shaped in such a way that it has layers that go upwards towards its top as opposed to multi facets that go in all directions.

Strap Necklace

A strap necklace is a neck accessory that consists of a string or a strip of cloth, it may or may not have a medallion or pendant attached.

Stud Earrings

The most common stud type earrings are those that are attached to the ear via a post and butterfly clasp and the face does not protrude over the lobe. Studs can be ball type, diamond or cubic zirconia simulated stones to name but just a few possibilities.

Sunstone

The sunstone is a variety of the feldspar mineral with a translucent orange to pink hue that sparkles or shimmers when light hits it thus making it suitable for the use as a semi precious gemstone.

T

Table

The table is a term used to describe the very top flat surface on a gemstone, its size can determine how well a stone will sparkle.

Tahitian Pearls

Tahitian or black pearls are found inside the black lip oyster and take about 2 years to grow. Like 99% of the worlds pearls they are cultivated, that is a bead is inserted with a piece of black tissue from the oyster to start the process of growing the layers of nacre that form this wonderful organic gem.

Tanzanite

Tanzanite is a blue variety of the zoisite mineral and is a relatively new discovery being found in the 1980's in the only place that it is known to exist, Tanzania. The world famous Jewellery Company Tiffanys named and has promoted this gemstone since its discovery.

Tarnish

Tarnish refers to the process of lost lustre due to exposure to air, humidity or other factors. Unlike rust, tarnish only affects the very top layers and will actually protect the under layers from further deterioration. High end silver items can be coated in platinum or rhodium so the tarnish process is significantly delayed.

Tear Drop Earrings

Tear drop earrings are a type of drop or dangle design where the main feature is shaped like a drop of water falling from the sky. They can be made out of any design but are usually a hollow plain silver or gold material.

Tennis Bracelet

A tennis bracelet typically has an even row of gems, usually diamonds or cz's, attached to a number of links that go completely around to either end. It is a stunning item best worn on formal occasions and accompanied by an evening or designer dress.

Three Stone Ring

The three stone ring is often given as an engagement ring or an anniversary ring with each stone representing the past, present and future.

Toggle Clasp

The toggle clasp features a round ring and a elongated bar, once the bar passes through the circle it then turns sideways and the weight of the bracket or necklace is applied to keep the clasp closed.

Topaz

Topaz is a gemstone that has been around for several thousand years, is very hard at 8 on the Mohs scale and comes in many colours from clear, to pale blue to yellow and pink, because of these wide variance in colours it is often mistaken for other gems.

Tourmaline

The tourmaline is a gemstone that contains in its composition various elements such as aluminium, iron, magnesium and sodium and therefore can come in many different colours ranging from black to shades of red, pink, blue, yellow or even lacking any color at all.

Trigger Fastener

A trigger fastener has a small lever that can be pulled back to open a head so a ring can be inserted and then closed to form a secure closure, types of triggers include the parrot or lobster clasps.

Trillion

A Trillian gem cut has a triangular shape with slightly curved sides making the overall shape more rounded and with the many facets it will sparkle very brightly.

Turquoise

Turquoise is a precious mineral with an opaque blue green colour that in its finest form is quite rare and sort after. It has been used since Egyptian times and was named after the French word which literally means Turkish as they were the first people to bring it to Europe in great numbers in the 16th century.

V

Vermeil (Gold)

Is a particular type of gold plating over a solid sterling silver base. To be true Vermeil Gold it must have at least 10 carats and has to be applied at least 2.5 microns thick of pure gold, so if 10 carat gold is used it would need to be 6 microns thick.

W

Water Drop Earrings

Water drop earrings are pear shaped objects that dangle from the ear and can be made out of various materials but the most common is plain silver or gold, they are usually hollow to they are light and comfortable.

Wedding Ring

The wedding ring is one of the most popular and significant pieces of jewellery worn be either sexes, it is typically a band but can be adorned with gems, usually diamonds in a channel setting for the ladies.

White Gold

This metal has a silvery white appearance and is gold mixed with other precious metals which may include rhodium, silver and even platinum.

Y

Yellow Gold

Yellow is the natural colour of pure gold, however when less than 24 karats is used in jewellery making the added metals may include copper or silver and this will alter its colour.