Category theory glossary
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_category_theory
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This is a glossary of properties and concepts in category theory in mathematics.
Categories
A category A is said to be:
- small provided that the class of all morphisms is a set (i.e., not a proper class); otherwise large.
- locally small provided that the morphisms between every pair of objects A and B form a set.
- Some authors assume a foundation in which the collection of all classes forms a "conglomerate", in which case a quasicategory is a category whose objects and morphisms merely form a conglomerate[1]. (NB other authors use the term "quasicategory" with a different meaning [2].)
- isomorphic to a category B provided that there is an isomorphism between them.
- equivalent to a category B provided that there is an equivalence between them.
- concrete provided that there is a faithful functor from A to Set; e.g., Vec, Grp and Top.
- discrete provided that each morphism is the identity morphism.
- thin category provided that there is at most one morphism between any pair of objects.
- a subcategory of a category B provided that there is an inclusion functor from A to B.
- a full subcategory of a category B provided that the inclusion functor is full.
- wellpowered provided for each object A there is only a set of pairwise non-isomorphic subobjects.
- complete provided that all small limits exist.
- cartesian closed provided that it has a terminal object and that any two objects have a product and exponential.
- abelian provided that it has a zero object, it has all pullbacks and pushouts, and all monomorphisms and epimorphisms are normal.
- normal provided that every monic is normal. [3]
Morphisms
A morphism f in a category is called:
- an epimorphism
provided that g = h whenever
.
In other words, f is the dual of a monomorphism.
- an identity
provided that f maps an object A to
A and for any morphisms g with domain
A and h with codomain A,
and .
- an inverse
to a morphism g if
is defined and is equal to the identity morphism
on the domain of f, and
is defined and equal to the identity morphism on
the codomain of g. The inverse of g
is unique and is denoted by g -1
- an isomorphism provided that there exists an inverse of f.
- a monomorphism
(also called monic) provided that g
= h whenever ;
e.g., an injection
in Set.
In other words, f is the dual of an epimorphism.
Functors
A functor F is said to be:
- a constant provided that F maps every object in a category to the same object A and every morphism to the identity on A.
- faithful provided that F is injective when restricted to each hom-set.
- full provided that F is surjective when restricted to each hom-set.
- isomorphism-dense (sometimes called essentially surjective) provided that for every B there exists A such that F(A) is isomorphic to B.
- an equivalence provided that F is faithful, full and isomorphism-dense.
- amnestic provided that if k is an isomorphism and F(k) is an identity, then k is an identity.
- reflect identities provided that if F(k) is an identity then k is an identity as well.
- reflect isomorphisms provided that if F(k) is an isomorphism then k is an isomorphism as well.
Objects
An object A in a category is said to be:
- isomorphic to an object B provided that there is an isomorphism between A and B.
- initial provided that there is exactly one morphism from A to each object B; e.g., empty set in Set.
- terminal provided that there is exactly one morphism from each object B to A; e.g., singletons in Set.
- zero object if it is both initial and terminal, such as a trivial group in Grp.
References
- ^ Adámek, Jiří; Herrlich, Horst, and Strecker, George E (2004) [1990] (PDF). Abstract and Concrete Categories (The Joy of Cats). New York: Wiley & Sons. p. 40. ISBN 0-471-60922-6. http://katmat.math.uni-bremen.de/acc/.
- ^ Joyal, A. (2002). "Quasi-categories and Kan complexes". Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 175: 207–222.
- ^ http://planetmath.org/encyclopedia/NormalCategory.html
Published - March 2009
This
glossary is available under the terms
of the GNU Free Documentation
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