Currency abbreviations
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ISO 4217 is the international
standard describing three-letter codes (also known
as the currency code) to define the names of
currencies
established by the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO). The ISO
4217 code list is the established norm in banking
and business
all over the world for defining different currencies,
and in many countries the codes for the more common
currencies are so well known publicly, that exchange
rates published in newspapers or posted in banks
use only these to define the different currencies,
instead of translated currency names or ambiguous
currency
symbols. ISO 4217 codes are used on airline
tickets and international train
tickets to remove any ambiguity about the price.
The first two letters of the code are the two letters of ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country codes (which are also used as the basis for national top-level domains on the Internet) and the third is usually the initial of the currency itself. So Japan's currency code becomes JPY—JP for Japan and Y for yen. This eliminates the problem caused by the names dollar, franc and pound being used in dozens of different countries, each having significantly differing values. Also, if a currency is revalued, the currency code's last letter is changed to distinguish it from the old currency. In some cases, the third letter is the initial for "new" in that country's language, to distinguish it from an older currency that was revalued; the code often long outlasts the usage of the term "new" itself. Examples of this include the Mexican peso (MXN) and the Turkish lira (TRY). Other changes can be seen, however; the Russian ruble, for example, changed from RUR to RUB, where the B comes from the third letter in the word "ruble".
There is also a three-digit code number assigned to each currency, in the same manner as there is also a three-digit code number assigned to each country as part of ISO 3166. This numeric code is usually the same as the ISO 3166 numeric code. For example, USD (US Dollar) has code 840 which is also the numeric code for US (United States).
The standard also defines the relationship between the major currency unit and any minor currency unit. Often, the minor currency unit has a value that is 1/100 of the major unit, but 1/1000 is also common. Some currencies do not have any minor currency unit at all. In others, the major currency unit has so little value that the minor unit is no longer generally used (e.g. the Japanese sen, 1/100th of a yen). This is indicated in the standard by the currency exponent. For example, USD has exponent 2, while JPY has exponent 0. Mauritania does not use a decimal division of units, setting 1 ouguiya (UM) = 5 khoums, and Madagascar has 1 ariary = 5 iraimbilanja.
ISO 4217 includes codes not only for currencies, but also for precious metals (gold, silver, palladium and platinum; by definition expressed per one troy ounce, as compared to "1 USD") and certain other entities used in international finance, e.g. Special Drawing Rights. There are also special codes allocated for testing purposes (XTS), and to indicate no currency transactions (XXX). These codes all begin with the letter "X". The precious metals use "X" plus the metal's chemical symbol; silver, for example, is XAG. ISO 3166 never assigns country codes beginning with "X" while these codes are assigned for privately customized use only (reserved, never for official codes), so ISO 4217 can use "X" codes for non-country-specific currencies without risk of clashing with future country codes.
Supranational currencies, such as the East Caribbean dollar, the CFP franc, the CFA franc BEAC and the CFA franc BCEAO are normally also represented by codes beginning with an "X". The euro is represented by the code EUR (EU is included in the ISO 3166-1 reserved codes list to represent the European Union). The predecessor to the euro, the European Currency Unit, had the code XEU.
History
In 1973, the ISO Technical Committee 68 decided to develop codes for the representation of currencies and funds for use in any application of trade, commerce or banking. At the 17th session (February 1978) of the related UN/ECE Group of Experts agreed that the three-letter alphabetic codes for International Standard ISO 4217, "Codes for the representation of currencies and funds", would be suitable for use in international trade.
Over time, new currencies are created and old currencies are discontinued. Frequently, these changes are due to new governments (through war or a new constitution), treaties between countries standardizing on a currency, or revaluation of the currency due to excessive inflation. As a result, the list of codes must be updated from time to time. The ISO 4217 maintenance agency (MA), the British Standards Institution, is responsible for maintaining the list of codes.
Active codes
The following is a list of active codes of official ISO 4217 currency names.
Code |
Num |
E[1] |
Currency |
Locations using this currency |
AED |
784 |
2 |
United Arab Emirates dirham |
United Arab Emirates |
AFN |
971 |
2 |
Afghani |
Afghanistan |
ALL |
008 |
2 |
Lek |
Albania |
AMD |
051 |
2 |
Armenian dram |
Armenia |
ANG |
532 |
2 |
Netherlands Antillean guilder |
Netherlands Antilles |
AOA |
973 |
2 |
Kwanza |
Angola |
ARS |
032 |
2 |
Argentine peso |
Argentina |
AUD |
036 |
2 |
Australian dollar |
Australia, Australian Antarctic Territory, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Heard and McDonald Islands, Kiribati, Nauru, Norfolk Island, Tuvalu |
AWG |
533 |
2 |
Aruban guilder |
Aruba |
AZN |
944 |
2 |
Azerbaijanian manat |
Azerbaijan |
BAM |
977 |
2 |
Convertible marks |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
BBD |
052 |
2 |
Barbados dollar |
Barbados |
BDT |
050 |
2 |
Bangladeshi taka |
Bangladesh |
BGN |
975 |
2 |
Bulgarian lev |
Bulgaria |
BHD |
048 |
3 |
Bahraini dinar |
Bahrain |
BIF |
108 |
0 |
Burundian franc |
Burundi |
BMD |
060 |
2 |
Bermudian dollar (customarily known as Bermuda dollar) |
Bermuda |
BND |
096 |
2 |
Brunei dollar |
Brunei, Singapore |
BOB |
068 |
2 |
Boliviano |
Bolivia |
BOV |
984 |
2 |
Bolivian Mvdol (funds code) |
Bolivia |
BRL |
986 |
2 |
Brazilian real |
Brazil |
BSD |
044 |
2 |
Bahamian dollar |
Bahamas |
BTN |
064 |
2 |
Ngultrum |
Bhutan |
BWP |
072 |
2 |
Pula |
Botswana |
BYR |
974 |
0 |
Belarussian ruble |
Belarus |
BZD |
084 |
2 |
Belize dollar |
Belize |
CAD |
124 |
2 |
Canadian dollar |
Canada |
CDF |
976 |
2 |
Franc Congolais |
Democratic Republic of Congo |
CHE |
947 |
2 |
WIR euro (complementary currency) |
Switzerland |
CHF |
756 |
2 |
Swiss franc |
Switzerland, Liechtenstein |
CHW |
948 |
2 |
WIR franc (complementary currency) |
Switzerland |
CLF |
990 |
0 |
Unidad de Fomento (funds code) |
Chile |
CLP |
152 |
0 |
Chilean peso |
Chile |
CNY |
156 |
2 |
Renminbi |
Mainland China |
COP |
170 |
2 |
Colombian peso |
Colombia |
COU |
970 |
2 |
Unidad de Valor Real |
Colombia |
CRC |
188 |
2 |
Costa Rican colon |
Costa Rica |
CUP |
192 |
2 |
Cuban peso |
Cuba |
CVE |
132 |
2 |
Cape Verde escudo |
Cape Verde |
CZK |
203 |
2 |
Czech koruna |
Czech Republic |
DJF |
262 |
0 |
Djibouti franc |
Djibouti |
DKK |
208 |
2 |
Danish krone |
Denmark, Faroe Islands, Greenland |
DOP |
214 |
2 |
Dominican peso |
Dominican Republic |
DZD |
012 |
2 |
Algerian dinar |
Algeria |
EEK |
233 |
2 |
Kroon |
Estonia |
EGP |
818 |
2 |
Egyptian pound |
Egypt |
ERN |
232 |
2 |
Nakfa |
Eritrea |
ETB |
230 |
2 |
Ethiopian birr |
Ethiopia |
EUR |
978 |
2 |
Euro |
15 European Union countries, Andorra, Kosovo, Monaco, Montenegro, San Marino, Vatican; see eurozone |
FJD |
242 |
2 |
Fiji dollar |
Fiji |
FKP |
238 |
2 |
Falkland Islands pound |
Falkland Islands |
GBP |
826 |
2 |
Pound sterling |
United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies (the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands), certain British Overseas Territories (South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, British Antarctic Territory and British Indian Ocean Territory) |
GEL |
981 |
2 |
Lari |
Georgia |
GHS |
936 |
2 |
Cedi |
Ghana |
GIP |
292 |
2 |
Gibraltar pound |
Gibraltar |
GMD |
270 |
2 |
Dalasi |
Gambia |
GNF |
324 |
0 |
Guinea franc |
Guinea |
GTQ |
320 |
2 |
Quetzal |
Guatemala |
GYD |
328 |
2 |
Guyana dollar |
Guyana |
HKD |
344 |
2 |
Hong Kong dollar |
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region |
HNL |
340 |
2 |
Lempira |
Honduras |
HRK |
191 |
2 |
Croatian kuna |
Croatia |
HTG |
332 |
2 |
Haiti gourde |
Haiti |
HUF |
348 |
2 |
Forint |
Hungary |
IDR |
360 |
2 |
Rupiah |
Indonesia |
ILS |
376 |
2 |
Israeli new sheqel |
Israel |
INR |
356 |
2 |
Indian rupee |
Bhutan, India |
IQD |
368 |
3 |
Iraqi dinar |
Iraq |
IRR |
364 |
2 |
Iranian rial |
Iran |
ISK |
352 |
0 |
Iceland krona |
Iceland |
JMD |
388 |
2 |
Jamaican dollar |
Jamaica |
JOD |
400 |
3 |
Jordanian dinar |
Jordan |
JPY |
392 |
0 |
Japanese yen |
Japan |
KES |
404 |
2 |
Kenyan shilling |
Kenya |
KGS |
417 |
2 |
Som |
Kyrgyzstan |
KHR |
116 |
2 |
Riel |
Cambodia |
KMF |
174 |
0 |
Comoro franc |
Comoros |
KPW |
408 |
2 |
North Korean won |
North Korea |
KRW |
410 |
0 |
South Korean won |
South Korea |
KWD |
414 |
3 |
Kuwaiti dinar |
Kuwait |
KYD |
136 |
2 |
Cayman Islands dollar |
Cayman Islands |
KZT |
398 |
2 |
Tenge |
Kazakhstan |
LAK |
418 |
2 |
Kip |
Laos |
LBP |
422 |
2 |
Lebanese pound |
Lebanon |
LKR |
144 |
2 |
Sri Lanka rupee |
Sri Lanka |
LRD |
430 |
2 |
Liberian dollar |
Liberia |
LSL |
426 |
2 |
Loti |
Lesotho |
LTL |
440 |
2 |
Lithuanian litas |
Lithuania |
LVL |
428 |
2 |
Latvian lats |
Latvia |
LYD |
434 |
3 |
Libyan dinar |
Libya |
MAD |
504 |
2 |
Moroccan dirham |
Morocco, Western Sahara |
MDL |
498 |
2 |
Moldovan leu |
Moldova |
MGA |
969 |
0.7 |
Malagasy ariary |
Madagascar |
MKD |
807 |
2 |
Denar |
The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia |
MMK |
104 |
2 |
Kyat |
Myanmar |
MNT |
496 |
2 |
Tugrik |
Mongolia |
MOP |
446 |
2 |
Pataca |
Macau Special Administrative Region |
MRO |
478 |
0.7 |
Ouguiya |
Mauritania |
MUR |
480 |
2 |
Mauritius rupee |
Mauritius |
MVR |
462 |
2 |
Rufiyaa |
Maldives |
MWK |
454 |
2 |
Kwacha |
Malawi |
MXN |
484 |
2 |
Mexican peso |
Mexico |
MXV |
979 |
2 |
Mexican Unidad de Inversion (UDI) (funds code) |
Mexico |
MYR |
458 |
2 |
Malaysian ringgit |
Malaysia |
MZN |
943 |
2 |
Metical |
Mozambique |
NAD |
516 |
2 |
Namibian dollar |
Namibia |
NGN |
566 |
2 |
Naira |
Nigeria |
NIO |
558 |
2 |
Cordoba oro |
Nicaragua |
NOK |
578 |
2 |
Norwegian krone |
Norway |
NPR |
524 |
2 |
Nepalese rupee |
Nepal |
NZD |
554 |
2 |
New Zealand dollar |
Cook Islands, New Zealand, Niue, Pitcairn, Tokelau |
OMR |
512 |
3 |
Rial Omani |
Oman |
PAB |
590 |
2 |
Balboa |
Panama |
PEN |
604 |
2 |
Nuevo sol |
Peru |
PGK |
598 |
2 |
Kina |
Papua New Guinea |
PHP |
608 |
2 |
Philippine peso |
Philippines |
PKR |
586 |
2 |
Pakistan rupee |
Pakistan |
PLN |
985 |
2 |
Zloty |
Poland |
PYG |
600 |
0 |
Guarani |
Paraguay |
QAR |
634 |
2 |
Qatari rial |
Qatar |
RON |
946 |
2 |
Romanian new leu |
Romania |
RSD |
941 |
2 |
Serbian dinar |
Serbia |
RUB |
643 |
2 |
Russian rouble |
Russia, Abkhazia, South Ossetia |
RWF |
646 |
0 |
Rwanda franc |
Rwanda |
SAR |
682 |
2 |
Saudi riyal |
Saudi Arabia |
SBD |
090 |
2 |
Solomon Islands dollar |
Solomon Islands |
SCR |
690 |
2 |
Seychelles rupee |
Seychelles |
SDG |
938 |
2 |
Sudanese pound |
Sudan |
SEK |
752 |
2 |
Swedish krona |
Sweden |
SGD |
702 |
2 |
Singapore dollar |
Singapore, Brunei |
SHP |
654 |
2 |
Saint Helena pound |
Saint Helena |
SKK |
703 |
2 |
Slovak koruna |
Slovakia |
SLL |
694 |
2 |
Leone |
Sierra Leone |
SOS |
706 |
2 |
Somali shilling |
Somalia |
SRD |
968 |
2 |
Surinam dollar |
Suriname |
STD |
678 |
2 |
Dobra |
São Tomé and Príncipe |
SYP |
760 |
2 |
Syrian pound |
Syria |
SZL |
748 |
2 |
Lilangeni |
Swaziland |
THB |
764 |
2 |
Baht |
Thailand |
TJS |
972 |
2 |
Somoni |
Tajikistan |
TMM |
795 |
2 |
Manat |
Turkmenistan |
TND |
788 |
3 |
Tunisian dinar |
Tunisia |
TOP |
776 |
2 |
Pa'anga |
Tonga |
TRY |
949 |
2 |
New Turkish lira |
Turkey, Northern Cyprus |
TTD |
780 |
2 |
Trinidad and Tobago dollar |
Trinidad and Tobago |
TWD |
901 |
2 |
New Taiwan dollar |
Taiwan and other islands that are under the effective control of the Republic of China (ROC) |
TZS |
834 |
2 |
Tanzanian shilling |
Tanzania |
UAH |
980 |
2 |
Hryvnia |
Ukraine |
UGX |
800 |
2 |
Uganda shilling |
Uganda |
USD |
840 |
2 |
US dollar |
American Samoa, British Indian Ocean Territory, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guam, Haiti, Marshall Islands, Micronesia, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Panama, Puerto Rico, Timor-Leste, Turks and Caicos Islands, United States, Virgin Islands, Bermuda(as well as Bermudian Dollar) |
USN |
997 |
2 |
United States dollar (next day) (funds code) |
United States |
USS |
998 |
2 |
United States dollar (same day) (funds code) (one source claims it is no longer used, but it is still on the ISO 4217-MA list) |
United States |
UYU |
858 |
2 |
Peso Uruguayo |
Uruguay |
UZS |
860 |
2 |
Uzbekistan som |
Uzbekistan |
VEF |
937 |
2 |
Venezuelan bolívar fuerte |
Venezuela |
VND |
704 |
2 |
Vietnamese đồng |
Vietnam |
VUV |
548 |
0 |
Vatu |
Vanuatu |
WST |
882 |
2 |
Samoan tala |
Samoa |
XAF |
950 |
0 |
CFA franc BEAC |
Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Chad, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon |
XAG |
961 |
. |
Silver (one troy ounce) |
|
XAU |
959 |
. |
Gold (one troy ounce) |
|
XBA |
955 |
. |
European Composite Unit (EURCO) (bond market unit) |
|
XBB |
956 |
. |
European Monetary Unit (E.M.U.-6) (bond market unit) |
|
XBC |
957 |
. |
European Unit of Account 9 (E.U.A.-9) (bond market unit) |
|
XBD |
958 |
. |
European Unit of Account 17 (E.U.A.-17) (bond market unit) |
|
XCD |
951 |
2 |
East Caribbean dollar |
Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |
XDR |
960 |
. |
Special Drawing Rights |
International Monetary Fund |
XFU |
Nil |
. |
UIC franc (special settlement currency) |
International Union of Railways |
XOF |
952 |
0 |
CFA Franc BCEAO |
Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal, Togo |
XPD |
964 |
. |
Palladium (one troy ounce) |
|
XPF |
953 |
0 |
CFP franc |
French Polynesia, New Caledonia, Wallis and Futuna |
XPT |
962 |
. |
Platinum (one troy ounce) |
|
XTS |
963 |
. |
Code reserved for testing purposes |
|
XXX |
999 |
. |
No currency |
|
YER |
886 |
2 |
Yemeni rial |
Yemen |
ZAR |
710 |
2 |
South African rand |
South Africa |
ZMK |
894 |
2 |
Kwacha |
Zambia |
ZWD |
716 |
2 |
Zimbabwe dollar |
Zimbabwe |
Explanation of USD/USS/USN
The US dollar actually has three codes assigned: USD, USS (same day) and USN (next day). According to UN/CEFACT recommendation 9, paragraphs 8-9 (ECE/TRADE/203, 1996, available online:
- 8. In applications where monetary resources associated with a currency (i.e. funds) need not be specified and where a field identifier indicating currency is used, the first two (leftmost) characters are sufficient to identify a currency–example: US for United States dollars for general, unspecified purposes where a field identifier indicating currency is present. (A field identifier can be a preprinted field heading in an aligned document or a similarly-agreed application in electronic transmission of data.)
- 9. In applications where there is a need to distinguish between different types of currencies, or where funds are required as in the banking environment, or where there is no field identifier, the third (rightmost) character of the alphabetic code is an indicator, preferably mnemonic, derived from the name of the major currency unit or fund – example: USD for general, unspecified purposes; USN for United States dollar next-day funds, and USS for funds which are immediately available for Federal Reserve transfer, withdrawal in cash or transfer in like funds (same-day funds). Since there is no need for such a distinction in international trade applications, the funds codes have not been included in the Annex to the present Recommendation.
Without currency code
A number of territories are not included in ISO 4217, because their currencies are not per se an independent currency, but a variant of another currency. These currencies are:
- Faroese króna (1:1 pegged to the Danish krone)
- Guernsey pound (1:1 pegged to the pound sterling)
- Jersey pound (1:1 pegged to the pound sterling)
- Isle of Man pound (1:1 pegged to the pound sterling)
- Tuvaluan dollar (1:1 pegged to the Australian dollar).
- Cook Islands dollar (1:1 pegged to the New Zealand dollar).
- Cuban convertible peso (pegged to the US dollar)
The following non-ISO codes are, however, sometimes used commercially:[2]
Guernsey pound |
GGP |
Jersey pound |
JEP |
Isle of Man pound |
IMP |
Tuvalu dollar |
TVD |
Obsolete currency codes
A number of currencies were official ISO 4217 currency codes and currency names until their replacement by the euro.
Note that the currency names used below may not match the currency names used in the ISO standard itself, but the codes do match.
See also
References
External links
Currency conversion
Published - September 2008
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