Common and Botanical Names of Common Woods
By
Chemistry Department at California State University,
Dominguez Hills,
Carson, CA, U.S.A.
http://chemistry.csudh.edu/
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Values of density marked * are for
air dry samples.
The following table presents values
for the properties of common woods.
This table is in the public domain
and may be copied without limit. The user is encouraged
to download it for private use and public distribution
in any form including that of making it available
on other Web servers.
Common
name |
Botanical
name |
Density,
g/cc |
Density,
lbs/cu.ft. |
Modulus
of rupture, air dry
kg/sq.mm. |
Modulus
of elasticity, air dry,
kg/sq.mm. |
| Alder |
|
0.38 |
23.7 |
|
|
| Applewood or wild apple |
Pyrus malus |
0.745 |
46.51 |
8.96 |
894. |
| Ash, black |
Fraxinus nigra |
0.526 |
32.84 |
8.97 |
1126. |
| Ash, blue |
quadrangulata |
0.603 |
37.65 |
9.82 |
984. |
| Ash, green |
Fraxinus pennsylvanica lanceolata |
0.610 |
38.08 |
10.04 |
1170. |
| Ash, white |
Fraxinus americana |
0.638 |
39.83 |
11.01 |
1249. |
| Aspen |
Populus tremuloides |
0.401 |
25.03 |
6.04 |
838. |
| Aspen, large tooth |
PopuIus grandidentata |
0.412 |
25.72 |
6.38 |
996. |
| Balsa (Tropical America) |
Ochroma |
*0.11-0.2 |
6.86-12.49 |
. |
|
| Basswood |
Tilia glabra or Tilia americanus |
0.398 |
24.85 |
6.13 |
1029. |
| Beech |
Fagus grandifolia or Fagus americana |
0.655 |
40.89 |
10.25 |
1180. |
| Beech, blue |
Carpinus caroliniana |
0.717 |
44.76 |
8.48 |
752. |
| Birch, gray |
Betula populifolia |
0.552 |
34.46 |
6.88 |
797. |
| Birch, paper |
Betula papyrifera |
0.600 |
37.46 |
8.79 |
1119. |
| Birch, sweet |
Betula lenta |
0.714 |
44.58 |
11.81 |
1520. |
| Birch, yellow |
Betula lutea |
0.668 |
41.70 |
11.88 |
|
| Boxwood/Buis |
Buxus sempervirens |
0.95-1.1 |
59.3-68.6 |
|
|
| Buckeye, yellow |
Aesculus octandra |
0.383 |
23.91 |
5.36 |
829. |
| Butternut |
Juglans cinerea |
0.404 |
25.22 |
5.72 |
830. |
| Cedar, eastern red |
Juniperus virginiana |
0.492 |
30.72 |
6.07 |
612. |
| Cedar, northern white |
Thuja occidentalis |
0.315 |
19.67 |
4.56 |
568. |
| Cedar, southern white |
Chamaecyparis thvoides |
0.352 |
21.98 |
4.77 |
655. |
| Cedar, (Tropical American) |
Cedrela odorata |
*0.37-0.70 |
23.10-43.70. |
|
|
| Cedar, western red |
Thuja plicata |
0.344 |
21.48 |
5.38 |
819. |
| Cherry, black |
Prunus serotina |
0.534 |
33.34 |
8.81 |
1046. |
| Cherry, wild red |
Prunus pennsylvanica |
0.425 |
26.53 |
6.10 |
892. |
| Chestnut |
Castanea dentata |
0.454 |
28.34 |
6.16 |
870. |
| Cocobolo |
Dalbergia retusa |
1.10 |
68.6 |
|
|
| Coralwood |
Guilbourtia spp. |
1.1 |
68.6 |
|
|
| Corkwood |
Leitneria floridana |
0.207 |
12.92. |
|
|
| Cottonwood, eastern |
Populus deltoides |
0.433 |
27.03 |
6.14 |
972. |
| Cypress, southern |
Taxodium distichum |
0.482 |
30.09 |
7.44 |
1010. |
| Dogwood (flowering) |
Cornus florida |
0.796 |
49.69 |
10.72 |
1085. |
| Douglas fir (coast type) |
Pseudotsuga taxifolia |
0.512 |
31.96 |
8.44 |
1357. |
| Douglas fir (mountain type) |
Pseudotsuga taxifolia |
0.446 |
27.84 |
6.72 |
981. |
| Ebony, Andaman marble-wood (India) |
Diospyros kursii |
*0.978 |
61.06 |
7.80 |
1270. |
| Ebony, Ebène marbre (Maritius,
E. Africa) |
Diospyros melanida |
*0.768 |
47.95 |
5.55 |
1007. |
| Elm, American |
Ulmus americana |
0.554 |
34.59 |
8.44 |
948. |
| Elm, rock |
Ulmus racemosa or Ulmus thomasi |
0.658 |
41.08 |
10.55 |
1086. |
| Elm, slippery |
Ulmus fulva or pubescens |
0.568 |
35.46 |
9.29 |
1050. |
| Eucalyptus, Karri (W. Australia) |
Eucalyptus diversicolor |
*0.829 |
51.75 |
12.16 |
1885. |
| Eucalyptus, Mahogany (New South
Wales) |
Eucalyptus
hemilampra |
*1.058 |
66.05 |
11.50 |
1608. |
| Eucalyptus, West Australian mahogany |
Eucalyptus marginata |
*0.787 |
49.13 |
10.54 |
1462. |
| Fir, balsam |
Abies balsamea |
0.414 |
25.85 |
5.42 |
879. |
| Fir, Douglas (See Douglas Fir). |
|
|
|
|
|
| Fir, silver |
Abies amabilis |
0.415 |
25.91 |
6.69 |
1076. |
| Concalco Alves |
|
.96 |
60.0 |
|
|
| Greenheart (British Guiana) |
Nectandra rodioei |
*1.06-1.23 |
66.18-76.79. |
|
|
| Grenadilla (Mpingo) |
Dalbergia melanoxylon |
1.2-1.25 |
74.9-78.0 |
|
|
| Gum, black |
Nyssa sylvatica |
0.552 |
34.46 |
6.82 |
839. |
| Gum, blue |
Eucalyptus globulus |
0.796 |
49.69 |
11.75 |
1683. |
| Gum, red |
Liquidambar styraciflua |
0.530 |
33.09 |
8.40 |
1045. |
| Gum, tupelo |
Nyssa aquatica |
0.524 |
32.71 |
6.85 |
889. |
| Hemlock eastern |
Tsuga canadensis |
0.431 |
26.91 |
6.06 |
846. |
| Hemlock, mountain |
Tsuga martensiana |
0.480 |
29.97 |
6.95 |
797. |
| Hemlock, western |
Tsuga heterophylla |
0.432 |
26.97 |
6.51 |
1015. |
| Hickory, bigleaf shagbark |
Hicoria laciniosa |
|
50.53 |
12.91 |
1335. |
| Hickory, mockernut |
Hicoria alba |
|
51.21 |
13.56 |
1570. |
| Hickory, pignut |
Hicoria glabra |
|
51.21 |
14 25 |
1603. |
| Hickory, shagbark |
Hicoria ovata |
|
52.17 |
14.39 |
1525. |
| Hornbeam |
Ostrya virginiana |
0.762 |
47.57 |
10.22 |
1199. |
| Ironwood, black |
Rhamnidium ferreum |
1.077-1.30 |
67.24-81.1 |
18.10 |
2100. |
| Jacarandá, Brazilian rosewood |
Dalbergia nigra |
*0.85 |
53.07 |
|
|
| Larch, western |
Larix occidentalis |
0.587 |
36.65 |
8.24 |
1188. |
| Lignum Vitae |
Guaiacum officinale and Guaiacum
sanctum |
1.25-1.33 |
78 - 83 |
|
|
| Locust, black or yellow |
Robinia pseudacacia |
0.708 |
44.20 |
13.63 |
1448. |
| Locust honey |
Gleditsia triacanthos |
0.666 |
41.58 |
10.59 |
1165. |
| Magnolia, cucumber |
Magnolia acuminata |
0.516 |
32.21 |
8.91 |
1276. |
| Mahogany (W. Africa) |
Khaya ivorensis |
*0.668 |
41.70 |
<12.38 |
1079. |
| Mahogany (E. India) |
Swietenia macrophylla |
*0.54 |
33.71 |
6.73 |
817. |
| Mahogany (E. India) |
Swietenia mahogani |
*0.54 |
33.71 |
7.10 |
890. |
| Maple, black |
Acer nigrum |
0.620 |
>38.71 |
9 37 |
1141. |
| Maple, red |
Acer rubrum |
0.546 |
34.09 |
9.35 |
1155. |
| Maple, silver |
Acer saccharinum |
0.506 |
31.59 |
6.34 |
805. |
| Maple, sugar |
Acer saccharum |
0.676 |
42.20 |
10.97 |
1290. |
| Mpingo (Grenadilla) |
Dalbergia melanoxylon |
1.2-1.25 |
74.9-78.0 |
|
|
| Oak, black |
Quercus velutina |
0.669 |
41.77 |
9.66 |
1153. |
| Oak, bur |
Quercus macrocarpa |
0.671 |
41.89 |
7.21 |
723. |
| Oak, canyon live |
Quercus chrysolepis |
0.838 |
52.32 |
9.26 |
1149. |
| Oak, laurel |
Quercus montana |
0.674 |
42.08 |
9.45 |
1114. |
| Oak, live |
Quercus virginiana |
0.977 |
60.99 |
12.95 |
1381. |
| Oak, pin |
Quercus pallustris |
0.677 |
42.27 |
|
|
| Oak, post |
Quercus stellata or Quercus minor |
0.738 |
46.07 |
9.30 |
1063. |
| Oak, red |
Quercus borealis |
0.657 |
41.02 |
10.02 |
1274. |
| Oak, scarlet |
coccinea |
0.709 |
44.26 |
|
|
| Oak, swamp chestnut |
Quercus montana (Quercus prinus) |
0.756 |
47.20 |
9.73 |
1247. |
| Oak swamp white |
Quercus bicolor or Quercus platanoides |
0.792 |
49.44 |
12.36 |
1446. |
| Oak, white |
Quercus alba |
0.710 |
44.33 |
10.68 |
1251. |
| Persimmon |
Diospyros virginiana |
0.776 |
48.45 |
12.72 |
1443. |
| Pine, eastern white |
Pinus strobus |
0.373 |
23.29 |
6.26 |
898. |
| Pine, jack |
Pinus banksiana or Pinus divericata |
0.461 |
28.78 |
5.70 |
868. |
| Pine, loblolly |
Pinus taeda |
0.593 |
37.02 |
9.09 |
1354. |
| Pine, longleaf |
Pinus palustris |
0.638 |
39.83 |
10.90 |
1445. |
| Pine, pitch |
Pinus rigida |
0.542 |
33.84 |
7.40 |
965. |
| Pine, red |
Pinus resinosa |
0.507 |
31.65 |
8.81 |
1264. |
| Pine, shortleaf |
Pinus echinata |
0.584 |
36.45 |
9.34 |
1345. |
| Poplar, balsam |
Populus balsamifera or Populus
candicans |
0.331 |
20.66 |
4.76 |
716. |
| Poplar, yellow |
Liriodendron tulipifera |
0.427 |
26.66 |
6.52 |
1058. |
| Redwood |
Sequoia sempervirens |
0.436 |
27.22 |
7.56 |
958. |
| Rosewood, Bolivian |
|
0.71 |
44.3 |
|
|
| Rosewood, E. Indian |
|
0.78 |
48.7 |
|
|
| Sassafras |
Sassafras uariafolium |
0.473 |
29.53 |
6.43 |
790. |
| Satinwood (Ceylon) |
Chloroxylon swietenia |
*1.031 |
64.37 |
9.68 |
1101. |
| Sourwood |
Oxydendrum arboreum |
0.593 |
37.02 |
8.24 |
1083. |
| Spruce, black |
Picea mariana |
0.428 |
26.72 |
7.24 |
1069. |
| Spruce, red |
Picea rubra or Picea rubens |
0.413 |
25.78 |
7.15 |
1071. |
| Spruce, white |
Picea glauca |
0.431 |
26.91 |
6.38 |
1001. |
| Sycamore |
Platanus occidentalis |
0.539 |
33.65 |
7.12 |
1002. |
| Tamarack |
Larix laricina or Larix americana |
0.558 |
34.84 |
8.23 |
1154. |
| Teak (India) |
Tectona grandis |
*0.5892 |
36.33 |
9.04 |
1195. |
| Walnut, black |
Juglans nigra |
0.562 |
35.09 |
10.42 |
1185. |
| Willow, black |
Salix nigra |
0.408 |
25.47 |
4.42 |
513. |
Source:
http://www.csudh.edu/oliver/chemdata/woods.htm
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