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Jensen's Technology Glossary
(Starting with "F")



By Bob Jensen,
Trinity University,
New Hampshire, U.S.A.

http://www.trinity.edu/rjensen/




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FAQ = This is the acronym for Frequently Asked Questions. A common feature on the Internet, FAQs are files of answers to commonly asked questions. Read FAQs before wasting electrons asking obvious questions. Saves you from receiving flames.

FC-AL = (See SSA.)

Fax = Devices for transmitting and receiving photocopies over telephone lines. Text and graphics may be printed on paper or stored in computer files. Text is received as a graphic and must be translated by specialized software to be stored as text files for word processors. (See also PDA)

FDMA= (See Wireless Glossary of Terms)

Fiber optic = Cable that carries light pulses instead of electrical current. A cable comprised of a multitude of fine glass fibers has much more capacity than the previously popular copper cable. (See also Information highway, Networks, and Sonet)

Fiero Online = The Princeton University online art class on Fiero del Fancesca, an Italian 15th century Renaissance artist. This is an Iris Silicon Graphics high-end database library with scanned images of frescoes and a three-dimensional walking tour on computer for students. Students also construct their own models. This is considered one of the most successful CAL applications in universities.

File attributes = Access rights attached to each file.

File server = A computer running a network operating system that enables other computers to access its files.

File transfer = The ability to transfer text, graphics, software, spreadsheets, audio files, and video files over vast distances on computer networks such as the Internet. For example, the entire works of Shakespeare can be downloaded from Dartmouth College and government documents may be transferred from the Library of Congress. (See also FTP, Internet, and SLIP)

Finger = An Internet protocol used to find out more information about an Internet user. (See also Cookies)

Finger gateway = A source listing of graphics images that have been placed around the world on the Internet. (See also Mosaic)

Firewall = Go to  http://www.trinity.edu/rjensen/firewall.htm 

Also see security.

FireWire = (See Bus.)

Flash = the name of a software product from Macromedia that is intended for more efficient Internet delivery of graphics and other media.  

Neil Balthaser writes "Kill HTML Before It Kills Us," in NewMedia, September 1999. pg. 22.  The online version is at http://newmedia.com/NewMedia/99/09/architects/Kill_HTML.html.  In his own words, Neil Balthaser asserts the following:

Recently I was on a keynote panel addressing the future of the Web. The crowning moment came when the moderator displayed an HTML page before a crowd of hundreds, on 15-foot über-screens, and praised its "creative" use of fields! To emphasize her point, she changed the title from "The Art Center College of Design" to "The Fart Center College of Design."

This is how we're supposed to captivate the world and grab the attention of the masses? I don't think so.

Right now, raging all around us, is an enormous battle for mindshare. The movie studios are creating bigger blockbusters; stores are re-creating themselves as "community centers"; and gyms are adding translucent shower room walls so fitness buffs can watch anonymous figures lather up as they're working out. Yet among these distractions, do any stunning HTML pages spring to mind? How can we expect to survive this battle with HTML as our only weapon?

The simple answer is, we can't. Yet we continue to try.

I can hear your HTML programmers now: "But being creative using the simplest of tools shows the greatest creativity of all!" While this may be true, it's beside the point. If simple is best, how many master ASCII artists have you hired? Etching on film may be the simplest method of creating special effects, but that doesn't mean the dinosaurs in Jurassic Park were etched on film. People are demanding better, hotter, and sexier forms of entertainment, and we're not going to give it to them with HTML. As an industry, we have to find and support other solutions.

Currently, Flash is our best weapon. Drop HTML, pick up Flash, and really learn it -- then push it. It offers the most robust authoring environment around, and it's backed by a single company that is focused on creating great tools. If Java had this kind of dedication behind it, I'd recommend it as well. But for all Java's strengths, it lacks a great, nontechnical authoring environment -- and that's what unleashes creativity and gives a new medium a life of its own.

Mr. Balthaser makes some good points, especially with respect to graphics, animation, and multimedia.  However, it seems unlikely that Flash will ever replace HTML.  At Macromedia's http://www.macromedia.com/software/flash/productinfo/features/  you read the following:

Easily design and reliably deliver high-impact, low-bandwidth Web sites to all browsers. Flash is the only solution that lets you produce sites with vector and bitmap graphics, motion, MP3 audio, form input, and interactivity. Leading high-traffic consumer and portal sites use Flash to deliver engaging experiences that attract and excite Web users everywhere.

Be that as it may, text has many advantages over other forms of media.  For example, text is the most efficient form of communication for search engines (at least until we really get serious about metadata, RDF, and XML).  Flash cannot hold a candle to text formatting in FrontPage and Microsoft Office products such as PowerPoint and Word.  Excel 2000 documents can now be saved in dynamic HTML (see http://www.trinity.edu/rjensen/dhtml/excel01.htm ).  Microsoft Access 2000 documents can be saved in dynamic HTML.  Macromedia has never suggested that its Flash software can replace its own Macromedia Dreamweaver.  My point here is that HTML is not even close to dying.  The frustration at the moment is that for web authoring, we need an entire tool box filled with FrontPage, Dreamweaver, PowerPoint, and a host of other products including (possibly) Flash.  

Now that PowerPoint reads so well in Internet Explorer and has audio capabilities via RealPresenter (http://www.real.com/products/tools/presenter/index.html ), perhaps some of you can help me with the question of whether Flash really can or should replace FrontPage and PowerPoint.  I think not. I do think HTML will shrink in importance as networked databases grow in popularity, but it would seem that Flash will remain a small niche in a very large market.

Flash memory = An erasable memory used as an alternative to hard disk and laser disc storage. The term is used most often in conjunction with PCMCIA cards. (See also Hard drive, RAM and PCMCIA)

Flash Player =

"Before Going to Buy High-Tech Devices, Learn the New Terms," by Walter S. Mossberg, The Wall Street Journal,  November 16, 2006; Page B1 --- http://online.wsj.com/article/personal_technology.html

Flash Player: A small-capacity digital music player, like Apple's iPod Nano and Shuffle. These players use flash memory, a type of memory chip that behaves like a small hard disk to store music, photos and videos. Larger players, such as the full-size iPod and the new Microsoft Zune, use actual hard disks, like the ones in computers. Flash memory is also what's inside the small memory cards used in digital cameras.

Flatbed = (See Scanner)

flc/fli = File extensions for animations conforming to Autodesk formats. With appropriate changes in the win.ini file, most PC computers will play back these animations without having Autodesk software installed. (See also Animation)

FM synthesis = The least-expensive method for producing synthesized sound. FM synthesis uses one sine wave to control the frequency of another. Most synthesizers built into PC audio boards and sound modules use more sophisticated synthesis techniques for greater accuracy in reproducing the sounds of different instruments.

FMV = Full Motion Video depicting video at 30 or more fps. (See also Video)

Fouth Generation Database Languages = (See 4GL Database Languages.)

fps = frames per second in video. Typical "full-motion" video in television and movies is 30 fps, but in digitized video such high fps rates are not yet common. Apple's QuickTime and Microsoft's Video for Windows typically run at 12 to 18 fps. (See also Video)

Freenets = Bulletin board services that are funded by individuals and organizations dedicated to making information freely available on networks. They operate much like public libraries through the National Public Telecommunication Network (NPTN.). Users can connect through modems or through Internet terminals. An example of a freenet is the "campus look-alike" Cleveland Freenet operated by Case Western Reserve University. (See also CWIS and BBS)

FTP = File Transfer Protocol used for downloading files on the Internet. Listings of ftp sites are available from Mosaic. (See also File transfer, Remote login, Mosaic, and Protocol)

File Transfers Across the Internet:  The following article reviews the history and FTP options:
"FTP: For The People," by Michael Calore, Webmonkey, August 30, 2002 --- http://hotwired.lycos.com/webmonkey/02/36/index4a.html 

Full-duplex = In full duplex communication, the terminal transmits and receives data simultaneously.

Function = An instruction to the application that performs operations or returns a value, or both.

Fullerenes =

Fullerenes, those soccer ball-shaped carbon molecules also known as "buckyballs," have generated outsized expectations ever since their discovery in 1985. Scientists think they could eventually be used in chemical sensors, fuel cells, drug delivery, cancer medicines, and smart materials. Yet while commercial demand for fullerenes is gradually emerging, so are fears that these molecules, which measure only a few billionths of a meter across, pose serious health and environmental hazards.
"Mitsubishi: Out Front in Nanotech," by Stephen Herrera, MIT's Technology Review, January 2005 --- http://www.technologyreview.com/.../herrera0105.asp?trk=nl 

Also see UbiquitousComputing.

Bob Jensen's threads on ubiquitous computing are at http://www.trinity.edu/rjensen/ubiquit.htm  

Funding = The raising of funds for hardware, software, and development. Grants are available from a variety of sources as noted in Chapter 3. Funding grants are available from a variety of sources tracked in the newsletters listed in Appendix 4. A directory of some funding sources is given by Eckstein (1991). Summaries of grants and assistance in writing grant proposals can be found in Columns, Spring 1994, p. 3. The CETA Newsletter tracks funding sources for accounting educators. Summer fellowships are also available from Teletraining Institute (405-744-7510). Apple Corporation offers a variety of funding sources for Mac and PowerPC users. (See also Delta Project)



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